Eastern India
Bihar
Bihar is a historically significant state in Eastern India known for ancient universities, Buddhist heritage, fertile plains of the Ganga River, rich culture, and major contributions to Indian history, politics, and agriculture, with Patna as its capital.
130M
People
94,163 km²
Area
38
Districts
40
LS Seats
Capital: Patna
Formed: 22 Mar 1912
Language: Hindi
Basic Information
State Name: Bihar
Capital: Patna
Largest City: Patna
Official Languages: Hindi & Urdu
Geography & Climate
Area: 94,163 sq km
Major Rivers: Ganga, Kosi, Gandak, Son
Climate: Humid subtropical
Land Type: Fertile Indo-Gangetic plains
Political Parties
Janata Dal (United) - JD(U)
Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD)
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
Indian National Congress (INC)
Political Leadership
Chief Minister: Nitish Kumar
Governor: Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar
Assembly Seats: 243
Demographics
Population: ~13 crore
Literacy Rate: ~70%
Main Languages: Hindi, Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi
Population Density: Among highest in India
Economy
Main Sectors: Agriculture, Food Processing, Handicrafts
Major Crops: Rice, Wheat, Maize, Sugarcane
Famous Product: Madhubani Paintings
Growing Sector: Infrastructure & education
Tourism & Heritage
Bodh Gaya: UNESCO Buddhist pilgrimage site
Nalanda: Ancient world-famous university ruins
Vaishali: Historical Buddhist & Jain site
Rajgir: Ancient capital with hot springs
Foods
Traditional Food: Litti Chokha, Sattu dishes
Sweets: Khaja, Thekua, Anarsa
Festive Food: Malpua & Pua
Interesting Facts
Ancient Nalanda University was one of the world's first universities.
Bodh Gaya is where Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment.
Bihar has deep roots in Maurya and Gupta empires.
Chhath Puja is one of the most celebrated festivals in the state.